The Examples of Active and Passive Voice

1. Simple Present

Aktive: My mother cleans the kitchen once a week. (Ibu saya membersihkan dapur seminggu sekali.)

Passive: The kitchen is cleaned by mother once a week. (Dapur dibersihkan oleh ibu saya seminggu sekali.)

2. Present Continuous

Aktive: Anita is writing the letter right now. (Anita sedang menulis surat saat ini.)

Passive: The letter is being written by Anita. (Surat tersebut sedang ditulis oleh Anita.)

3. Simple Past

Aktive: My father repaired the car, yesterday. (Ayah saya memperbaiki mobil, kemarin.)

Passive: The car was repaired by my father. (Mobil diperbaiki oleh ayah saya.)

4. Past Continuous

Aktive: The police was asking the customer when the thief came into the store. (Polisi sedang menanyai orang yang sedang belanja ketika pencuri masuk ke toko tersebut.)

Passive: The customer was being asked by the police when the thief came into the store. (Orang yang sedang belanja tersebut sedang ditanyai oleh polisi ketika pencuri masuk ketoko tersebut.)

5. Present Perfect

Active: Many tourists have visited that beach. (Banyak turis telah mengunjungi pantai itu.)

Passive: That beach has been visited by many tourists. (Pantai tersebut telah dikunjungi oleh banyak turis.)

6. Present Perfect Continuous

Active: Recently, Dono has been doing the work. (Akhir-akhir ini, Dono telah sedang mengerjakan tugasnya.)

Passive: Recently, the work has been being done by Dono. (Akhir-akhir ini, pekerjaan tersebut telah sedang dikerjakan oleh Dono.)

7. Past Perfect

Active: Those mechanics had repaired many cars before they received their licenses. (Para mekanik itu telah memperbaiki banyak mobil sebelum mereka menerima surat izin resminya.)

Passive: Many cars had been repaired by those mechanics before they received their licenses. (Banyak mobil telah diperbaiki oleh para mekanik itu sebelum mereka menerima surat izin resminya.)

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Active: Chef Juna had been preparing the Warung Padang for three years before he moved to Bandung. (Koki Juna telah sedang mempersiapkan Warung Padang selama tiga tahun sebelum dia pindah ke Bandung.)

Passive: The Warung Padang had been being prepared by Chef Juna for three years before he moved to Bandung. (Warung Padang telah sedang dipersiapkan oleh koki Juna selama tiga tahun sebelum ia pindah ke Bandung.)

9. Simple Future (will)

Active: Andrew will finish his work by 4:00 P.M (Andrew akan menyelesaikan pekerjaannya pada pukul 4 sore.)

Passive: The work will be finished by Andrew at 4:00 P.M (Pekerjaan tersebut akan diselesaikan oleh Andrew pada pukul 4 sore.)

10. Simple Future (be going to)

Active: Budi is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. (Budi akan membuat sebuah makan malam indah malam ini.)

Passive: A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Budi tonight. (Sebuah makan malam indah akan dibuat oleh Budi malam ini.)

11. Future Continuous (will)

Active: At 7:00 PM tonight, my mother will be washing the dishes. (Tepat pada pukul 7 malam ini, ibu akan sedang mencuci piring.)

Passive: At 7:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by my mother. (Tepat pada pukul 7 malam ini, piring akan sedang di cuci oleh ibu.)

12. Future Perfect (will)

Active: They will have completed the project before the deadline. (Mereka akan telah menyelesaikan proyek tersebut sebelum akhir batas waktu.)

Passive: The project will have been completed before the deadline. (Proyek akan telah diselesaikan sebelum akhir batas waktu.)

13. Future Perfect Continuous (will)

Active: I will have been translating Laskar Pelangi’s novel for over 2 months by the time it is finished. (Aku akan telah menterjemahkan novel Laskar Pelangi selama 2 bulan ketika itu diselesaikan.)

Passive: Laskar Pelangi’s novel will have been being translating by me for over 2 months by the time it is finished. (Novel Laskar Pelangi akan telah diterjemahkan oleh saya selama dua bulan ketika itu diselesaikan.)

14. Future Perfect Continuous (Used to)

Active: Budiman used to pay the bills. (Budiman biasanya membayar tagihan-tagihannya.)

Passive: The bills used to be paid by Budiman. (Tagihan-tagihan biasanya dibayar oleh Budiman.)

15. Future in the Past (Would)

Active: I knew he would finish the work by 6:00 PM. (Aku tahu bahwa dia akan menyelesaikan pekerjaan tersebut pada pukul enam sore.)

Passive: I knew the work would be finished by him at 6:00 PM. (Aku tahu pekerjaan tersebut akan diselesaikan oleh dia pada pukul 6 sore.)

16. Future in the Past (Was Going to)

Active: I thought Winda was going to make a candle light dinner tonight. (Saya pikir Winda akan membuat sebuah makan malam romantis malam ini.)

Passive: I thought a candle light dinner was going to be made by Winda tonight. (Saya pikir sebuah makan malam romantis akan dibuat oleh Winda malam ini.)

TENSES

TENSES

Tenses are a grammar category that emphasizes the use of verbs (verb) that are associated with the time of their use. Here's a summary of 16 Tenses:

Time	Event
	Simple	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
Present	Simple Present Tense	Present Continuous Tense	Present Perfect Tense	Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Past	Simple Past Tense	Past Continuous Tense	Past Perfect Tense	Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Future	Simple Future Tense	Future Continuous  Tense	Future Perfect Tense	Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Future	Past Future Tense	Past Future Continuous Tense	Past Future Perfect   Tense	Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

    

PRESENT

1. Simple Present Tense

Used to indicate facts, habits, and general conditions that occur at this time.

Formula:

- Positive: Subject + am/are/is + Object 

- Negative : Subject + am/are/is + not + Object  

- Introgative: Am/are/is + Subject + Object?

Example:

(+) You are a dentist 

(-) You are not a dentist 

(? ) Are you a dentist? 

2. Present Continuous Tense

Used to discuss ongoing actions. The most important of these tense is the duration of the verb.

Formula:

Positif (+): subject + to be (am, is, are) + Verb-ing + object

Negatif (-) : subject + to be + not + verb – ing + object

Tanya (?) : to be + subject + verb– ing + object

Example Present Continuous Tense :

(+) Mrs. Fira is studying in the school

(-) Mrs. Fira is not studying in the school

(?) Is Mrs. Fira studying in the school ?

3. Present Perfect Tense

Used to indicate an action or event has been completed and emphasize the results.

Formula:

Positif (+) : Subject + has/have + Verb3 + Complement 

Negatif (-) : Subject + has/have + not + Verb3 + Complement

Tanya (?) : Has/have + Subject + Verb3 + Complement?

Example :

(+) Tony has graduated from university.

(-) Tony hasn't graduated from university.

(?) Has Tony graduated from university?

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Used to show actions that began in the past and continue to this day. Usually the action that uses this tense has a certain time duration and has relevance to the current condition.

Formula:

Positive (+) : Subject + has/have + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative (-) : Subject + has/have + not + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Introgative (?) : Has/have + Subject + been + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) She has been speaking for the last 2 hours.

(-) She has not been speaking for the last 2 hours.

(?) Has she been speaking for the last 2 hours?

PAST

1. Simple Past Tense

Used to show an event in the past.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + Verb2 + Complement

Negative : Subject + did not + Verb1 + Complement

Introgative : Did + Subject + Verb1 + Complement?

Example:

(+) She visited me yesterday

(-)  She did not visit me yesterday

(?) Did she visit me yesterday?

2. Past Continuous Tense

Used to show an event that is happening in the past. Usually, there are 2 events that occurred in the past, and those interrupted events that use this tense.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + was/were + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative : Subject + was/were + Not + Verb-ing + Complement

Introgative : Was/were + Subject + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) I was studying Sains when she called.

(-) I was not studying Sains when she called.

(?) Was I studying Sains when she called?

3. Past Perfect Tense

Used to show events that occur before a certain time in the past, and more emphasis on the results of the duration of the event. It is usually used to indicate which events occur first among 2 events that occurred in the past.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + had + Verb3 + Complement

Negative : Subject + had + not + Verb3 + Complement

Intogeratif : Had + Subject + Verb3 + Complement?

Example:

(+) I had finished my work before I met up with my friend till two days ago.

(-) I had not finished my work before I met up with my friend till two days ago.

(?)  Had I finished my work before I met up with my friend till two days ago?

4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Used to show actions that occurred in the past and have been completed at certain times in the past too. This tense emphasizes the duration of the event. This tense is also used in Reported Speech.

Formula:

Positive (+) : Subject + had + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative (-) : Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Introgative (?) : Had + Subject + been + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) You had been listening to his speech for ten minutes before it ended.

(-) You had not been listening to his speech for ten minutes before it ended.

(?) Had you been listening to his speech for ten minutes before it ended?

FUTURE

1. Simple Future Tense

Used to indicate action or a situation in the future.

Formula:

Positive (+) : Subject + will/be going to + Verb1 + Complement

Negative (-) : Subject + will not / be not going to + Verb1 + Complement

Introgrative (?) : Will + Subject + Verb1 + Complement?

Example:

(+) I will go to America next year

(-) I will not go to America next year

(?) Will I go to America next year?

2. Future Continuous Tense

Used to indicate an action or situation that will occur at a certain time in the future.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + will / be going to+ be + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative : Subject + will not / be not going to + be + Verb-ing + Complement

Intogeratif : Am/are/is + Subject + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) Budi will be playing football at four o’clock tomorrow afternoon

(-) Budi will not be playing football at four o’clock tomorrow afternoon

(?) Will Budi be playing football at four o’clock tomorrow afternoon

3. Future Perfect Tense

Used to show actions that will end in the future.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + will / be going to+ be + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative : Subject + will not / be not going to + be + Verb-ing + Complement

Intogeratif : Am/are/is + Subject + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) The mechanic will have repaired my car tomorrow

(-) The mechanic won't have repaired my car tomorrow

(?) Will the mechanic have repaired my car tomorrow?

4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Used to show actions that will continue to occur in the future. This tense emphasizes results.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + will + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative : Subject + will + not + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Intogeratif : Will + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) My grandmother will have been visiting us tomorrow morning

(-) My grandmother will not have been visiting us tomorrow morning

(?) Will your grandmother have been visiting you tomorrow morning?

PAST FUTURE

1. Past Future Tense

Used to show actions that will be carried out in the past but failed (failed plan).

Formula:

Positive : Subject + would/should + Verb1 + Complement

Negative : Subject + would/should not + Verb1 + Complement

Introgative : Would/should + Subject + Verb1 + Complement?

Example:

(+) He would bring me a present.

(-) He wouldn't bring me a present.

(?) Would he bring me a present?

2. Past Future Continuous Tense

Used to show an action that will be carried out in the past and will last until a certain time in the past. This tension emphasizes the duration of the action.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + would/should + be + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative : Subject + would/should not + be + Verb-ing + Complement

Intogeratif : Would/should + Subject + be + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) My brother would be finishing Thesis last week

(-) My brother would not be finishing Thesis last week

(?) Would your brother be finishing Thesis last week? 

3. Past Future Perfect Tense

Used to show an action that will have been done in the past but it was not done (a failed plan). This tense emphasizes results.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + would/should +  have + Verb3 + Complement

Negative : Subject + would/should not +  have + Verb3 + Complement

Intogeratif : Would/should + Subject + be + Verb3 + Complement?

Example:

(+)  I would have bought a new car if I had enough money.

(-)  I would not have bought a new car if I had enough money.

(?)  Would I have bought a new car if I had enough money?

4. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Used to show actions that will have been and are still being carried out in the past, but they really did not happen. This tense emphasizes the duration and results.

Formula:

Positive : Subject + would/should +  have + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Negative : Subject + would/should not +  have + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Intogeratif : Would/should + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement?

Example:

(+) He would have been waiting for me for 2 hours yesterday but he had gone at 10.00 PM.

(-) He would not have been waiting for me for 2 hours yesterday but he had gone at 10.00 PM.

(?) Would he have been waiting for me for 2 hours yesterday?

SOURCE:

https://www.studiobelajar.com/tenses/

https://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-16-tenses-inggris

https://www.intraxenglish.com/tenses-dalam-bahasa-inggris/

Nama : Humara Mahira

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